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Other Proteins

Other Proteins Involved in Neurodegeneration

 

 

LRRK2 LRRK2 is a kinase that interacts with Parkin at the mitochondrial membrane to regulate mitophagy. Mutations in LRRK2 are associated with late-onset Parkinson’s disease.
LC3 LC3 is a microtubule-associated protein that interacts with autophagosome membranes to facilitate the engulfment of cytoplasmic contents.
SOD1 Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) protects cells from reactive oxygen species. Mutations in SOD1 have been associated with diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
TDP-43 TAR DNA binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a transcriptional regulator, and its aberrant ubiquitination and phosphorylation is associated with ALS and FTD.
FUS FUS is an RNA-binding protein that is normally found in the nucleus. In diseases like ALS, FUS morphology is altered and associates with cytoplasmic inclusions.
TG Transglutaminases (TGs) help form polypeptide linkages in neurons and astrocytes. Abnormal increases in TG activity are associated with Huntington’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, among others.
Apo-E Apolipoprotein E (Apo-E) has many physiological roles, including lipid metabolism and Aβ removal. Loss of these functions, as well as a gain of toxic functions, can lead to neurodegenerative disease.
Dynactin Dynactin regulates dynein activity and the transport of cytoplasmic cargo along microtubules. Mutations in dynactin have been associated with motor neuron diseases.
Clusterin Clusterin (apolipoprotein J) is a chaperone protein involved in the regulation of inflammation. Clusterin levels are increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. 
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